Youth and Socialization

Adibah Arizkiamarta

10613196

2SA01

Youth and Socialization

Definition of Youth

Youth is a group of young men who still need coaching and development towards the better, in order to continue and fill development now underway; today's youth in Indonesia is very diverse, especially when associated with educational opportunities.

This diversity is basically not result in differences in coaching and youth development. The process of life experienced by the youth of Indonesia every day either in the family, school, and community to bring greater influence in fostering an attitude to be able to live in the community, such a process can be referred to as socialization, socialization process that took place since the child is in the world and will continue to proceed to the point of culmination.

Definition of Socialization

Socialization is a process of planting or transfer of customs or values and rules from one generation to another in a group or society. Some sociologists call socialization as a theory about the role (role theory). Because in the process of socialization taught the roles to be performed by the individual.

The Social Role of Students and Youth in the Community

In the period 1990 to the present demonstration is still rife in various places. At that time the student and youth described himself as a moral movement. While the other students student movement described himself as a political movement.

Students become broken and sometimes pragmatic. It is no secret anymore paid students to demonstrate. Before too much telescoped role of off-campus students though cliché, should we have to remember that the main task of the student and youth are learning in school / college.

Social role of students and youth in the community similar to the role of other people in the community. Students have a special place because they are considered intellectuals who are studying. In time as a student graduating from college, he will find a job and go through life relatively the same with the other residents. Community is the key holder in social and economic relations. But when capitalism dominates, where the market has turned around 180 degrees, it is society that is part of the market. Daily life was reduced to business and markets.

The direct impact can be felt since the fuel price increase in 2005 among other things, inflation, declining purchasing power, declining public health (malnutrition), school dropout rates (drop out), child mortality, unemployment and poverty increased.

Potentials Contained in the Younger Generation Needs to be Developed

a) Idealism and critical power.

Sociologically, the younger generation has not been established in the existing order, then he can see the flaws in the structure and reasonably able to look for new ideas. The embodiment of ideals and critical power needs to always be equipped with a grounding sense of responsibility balanced.

b) Dynamics and creativity.

The existence of idealism in the younger generation, the younger generation has the potential dynamism and creativity that is the ability and willingness to make changes, updates and improvements to the existing deficiencies or express ideas / new alternative at all.

c) The courage to take risks.

Change and renewal, including development, has risks can be missed, blocked, or fail. However, it is necessary to take the risk if progress is to be obtained. The younger generation may be involved in efforts to contain risks, preparedness knowledge, calculation, and the skills of the younger generation will provide a good quality to the courage to take risk.

d) Optimistic and excitement of spirit.

Failure does not cause young people discouraged. Optimism and excitement spirit that the younger generation will be the impetus to try to go forward again.

e) The attitude of independence and pure discipline.

The younger generation has a desire to always be independent in attitude and actions. The attitude of independence it needs to be equipped with a consciousness of pure discipline on him, so that then they can realize the limits of reasonable and are considerate.

f) Educated

Although the dropout factors into account, the overall good in the sense of both quantitative and qualitative in the sense that young people are relatively more educated because it is opening an opportunity to learn from generations of predecessors.

g) Diversity in unity and unity.

Diversity young generation is a reflection of the diversity of our society. Diversity can be a hindrance if it lived in a narrow and exclusive. But the diversity of Indonesian society can be a dynamic and creative potential if it is placed in the context of the diversity of national integration based on the spirit and soul of the Youth Pledge in 1928 as well as the similarity motto Unity in Diversity. Thus a rich source for the betterment of the nation itself. For the younger generation needs to be encouraged to show their best potential and given a clear role and is responsible for supporting national development.

h) Patriotism and nationalism.

Fertilization sense of pride, love, and participate in the nation and the country has among the younger generation needs to be encouraged, in turn, will strengthen the spirit of devotion and readiness to defend and maintain the nation and the state of all forms of threats. With determination and spirit of this, young people need to be involved in every business and strengthening resilience and national defense.

i) Attitude knight.

The purity of idealism, courage, spirit of service and sacrifice as well as a sense of social responsibility are high are the elements that need to be nurtured and developed continues to be a knight attitude among young people of Indonesia as a defender and upholder of truth and justice for the people and nation.

j) The ability mastery of science and technology.

The younger generation can contribute useful for the development of science and technology when functionally can be developed as a transformer and a dynamic to the environment are more backward in science and education as well as the application of technology, well advanced, intermediate, or simple.

Problems of Young Generation

1. Considered mental decline idealism, patriotism and nationalism among the people including the younger generation.
2.  Lack of uncertainty experienced by the young generation in the future.
3.  There imbalance between the number of young people with educational facilities are available, both formal and non-formal. The high number of dropouts caused by various reasons that are not only detrimental to young people themselves, but also detrimental to the entire nation.
4. Lack employment or job opportunities and high levels of unemployment or underemployment among young people and results in lower national productivity and slow the pace of development of the national development and may give rise to a variety of other social problems.
5. Lack of nutrition can cause barriers to the development and growth of intelligence agencies among the younger generation; it is caused by the low purchasing power and lack of concern about nutrition and balanced diet among low-income communities.
6. A large number of underage marriages, especially among the rural areas.
7. Promiscuity that harm the joints of marriage and family life.
8. The increase in juvenile delinquency, including drug abuse.
9. The absence of legislation concerning the younger generation.

In order to solve the problems of the young generation above requires integrated efforts, directed, and planning of the entire national potential to involve young people as the subject of development. Youth organizations that have done well are a potential that is ready to be involved in national development.

Sources:

http://myuda.blogspot.com/2011/11/1pemuda-dan-sosialisasi-softskill-isd2.html

http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosialisasi

http://melkyshare.blogspot.com/2011/12/peranan-sosial-mahasiswa-dan-pemuda-di.html

http://softskilltugas3putriayu.blogspot.com/

Individual, Family, and Community

Individual, Family, and Community

Introduction

Humans are creatures that live in groups and have limited appeal organisms other kinds of creatures of God's creation. To overcome the limitations of the organizational capacity, humans develop systems in his life through his mind as the ability of livelihood systems, system equipment life and others. In life since birth, the man has to know and relate to other human beings. If humans were living alone, for example, in a closed room without dealing with other humans, then clearly his soul will be disturbed.

Human instinct to always live and relate to others is called "gregariousness" and therefore man is called a social being. With the existence of this instinct, humans develop knowledge to cope with life and give meaning to life, causing what we know as culture is an integrated system of human behavior in interacting with its environment. Thus human beings known as cultured as it serves as a shaper of culture, as well as to act as driven by passion or desire in man, namely:

1. Fused with another human being different surrounding

2. Blends with the surrounding atmosphere

All of it can be seen from the reaction given by man against nature is sometimes cruel and friendly to them. Man is essentially social beings, cannot live alone. He is "Soon Politikon", the man is a creature that walked, interact. The developments of these conditions cause human entities, social groups in the form of the family, and society. Then there was a system known as the social system or social organization that governs their lives, meet their needs.

Human Beings as Individual

Individuals derived from the Latin word "individuum" means undivided, and then the word individual is a designation that can be used to express a unity most small and limited. The word does not mean that the human individual as an indivisible whole, but as a finite entity that is as individual human beings. Individual terms in relation to the discussion of the family and human society, can also be interpreted as a human being.

In view of social psychology, the human individual is called when a specific pattern of behavior itself and no longer follows the general pattern of behavior. This means that the individual is a man who not only has distinctive roles in the social environment, but also has a personality as well as his specific behavior patterns. In a crowd humans tend to get rid of his individuality, because the behavior of the display is almost identical to the behavior of the masses.

In the development of each individual experience and imposed a variety of roles, which is derived from the conditions of living together with fellow human beings. Often there is also a conflict within the individual, because the typical behavior itself at odds with the role of the community demanded. But every citizen whose name is a reasonable individual to adjust his behavior as part of the social behavior of people. Success in adjusting or portray themselves as individuals and as citizens of the society section gives the connotation of "maang" in a social sense. This means that the individual has to find his personality or in other words the process of actualizing itself as a part of the environment has been formed.

Individual Growth

Normal human development and normal to go through a process of growth and development of the inner and outer. In the sense that the individual or the human person is the whole soul which has its own distinctive characteristics. Although there are differences of opinion among experts, but it is recognized that growth is a change that is moving towards a more advanced, more mature. Arise various opinions from various streams of growth. According to experts who follow the flow of the association argues, that growth is essentially a process of association. In association whose primary process are parts. The parts are there first, while overall there is the later. These parts are bonded to each other into a whole association. Can be formulated an understanding of the association process is a change in a person step by step because of the mutual influence of the outside through the experience or empirical sensuous pose sensations and experience in recognizing their own inner state that causes sensation.

According to Gestalt psychology flow growth is the process of differentiation. In the process of differentiation that the whole subject is being parts only has meaning as part of the overall functional relationship with the other parts. So according to this whole process came first, then the following parts. It can be concluded that this growth is the process of gradual change in humans in recognizing a previously know something whole new then familiar with the parts of the existing environment.

            The concept of flow sociology of growth assumes that growth is a process of socialization is the process of change from the original nature asocial or social well socialized later stage by stage.

Factors affecting growth:

1. Establishment Nativistic.

According to experts of this group found that growth is solely determined by factors inborn.

2. Establishment Empiristic and Environmentalistic.

This establishment nativistic contrary to the opinion, they assume that the individual growth depends solely on the basis of the environment being no role at all.

3. Establishment of convergence and interactionism.

This stream is found between the base and environmental interactions can determine individual growth.

Individual growth phase based on psychology

1. Period vital that, from age 0.0 to about 2 years.

2. The aesthetic of the age of approximately 2 years to about 7 years.

3. The period of intellectual approximately 7 years to about 13 years or 14 years.

4. The period of social, approximately age 13 or 14 years until approximately 20-21 years.

Family and Function in Human Life

The family is the smallest unit of society which is also a small group in society. The group is in conjunction with the development of the individual is often known as the primary group. This group gave birth to individuals with various forms of personality in society.

The family is a universal phenomenon that is found everywhere in the world. As a universal phenomenon, the family has four characteristics that give clarity about the concept of family.

1. The family is composed of people who are united by ties of marriage, blood or adoption. That bind husband and wife is marriage. Which unites parents and children are related by blood (usually) and sometimes coral adoption.

2. The members of a family usually live together in one house, and they form a household, sometimes a household that consists of a married couple without children, or with one or two children.

3. The family is a unity of people who interact and communicate with each other, which plays the role of husband and wife, father and mother, son and daughter.

4. The family maintains a common culture largely derived from the wider public culture.

In its most basic form a family consisting of a man and a woman, and coupled with their children who are unmarried, usually live in one house, in anthropology called nuclear family. One family can also translate into a spacious family with the addition of a number of others, whether relatives or not, who live together in one house ladder with the nuclear family. Emile Durkheim argued about the sociology of the family in his work: Introduction a la sociology de la famile (major Polak, 1979: 331). Sourced from this work the term: Conjugal family, the family in a monogamous marriage, consisting of father, mother, and children. Conjugal families often also called nuclear family or nuclear family. Koentjaraningrat distinguish three kinds of extended family based on its shape:

1. Extended family utrolocal, based indigenous utrolocal, composed of senior nuclear family with nuclear families boys and girls.

2. Extended family viriolocal, indigenous Based viriolocal, consisting of a senior nuclear family with the nuclear families of the boys.

3. Extended family uxorilocal, based indigenous uxorilocal, consisting of a senior nuclear family with nuclear families daughters.

In the family we often see their jobs to be done. A work to be done it is usually called the function. Family functioning is a work to be carried out within or by the family. Various functions of the family are:

1. Biological Function

2. Function maintenance

3. The economic function

4. The religious function

5. Social Function

A Society of Human Life Elements

Society is a term that we are familiar in everyday life; there are urban, rural communities, the scientific community, and others. In English society used the term derived from the Latin word socius, which means "friend" communities term itself comes from the root of the Arabic word that Syaraka which means "to participate, participate". Peter L. Berger, a sociologist give society the following definition: "Society is a whole vast complex nature of human relationships." Koentjaraningrat in his writing stated that the community is a group of people or the unity of human life which interact according to a certain customs system that is continuous, and are bound by a sense of shared identity. In social psychology is expressed as a group of people in a life together and with insight collective life, which indicates the regularity of behavior of its citizens to meet the needs and interests of each. Given the fact the field, a community can be a tribe; it could be from a variety of ethnic backgrounds.

In the development and growth of society can be classified into:

1. Community Simple

In simple societies (primitive) patterns of division of labor tends to be differentiated according to gender. The division of labor by sex seems to stem from the starting of the background of the weakness and physical abilities between a woman and a man in the face of challenges when the wild nature.

2. Forward Society

Advanced society has a variety of social groups, or better known as the group of community organizations grow and evolve based on the needs and specific objectives to be achieved. In advanced societies, can be distinguished:

a. Non-industrial Society.

Broadly speaking, this group can be classified into the cave groups, namely the group of primary and secondary groups. In the primary group, the interaction between members occur more intensive, more closely, more familiar. This group is called the group of face-to-face interaction group. The nature of the interactions is based on the character of kinship and sympathy. The division of labor or the division of labor in this group is focused on awareness, responsibility and ongoing members on the basis of sympathy and voluntarily. In the secondary group adrift indirect relationship to each other, formal, less also is familial. Therefore, the nature of the interaction, the division of labor, organized on the basis of objective rational considerations. The members accept the division of labor on the basis of ability or specific expertise, in addition to required specific targets and objectives that have been determined.

b. Industrial Society.

Examples: baker, shoemaker, turner, and a welder.

Source: 

https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CB0QFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Felearning.gunadarma.ac.id%2Fdocmodul%2Fmkdu_isd%2Fbab3-individu_keluarga_dan_masyarakat.pdf&ei=sRhzVO-2N4K3uQSZ0oD4Cg&usg=AFQjCNFyJsYKxr7gkpaGAjYwD3tny6vfXw&sig2=FoOtknuWJz9vAoLQM9cKYQ

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